Geometry Unit Outline:

 

I. Polygons and Polyhedrons

A.    Describe two- and three- dimensional figures using:

a.     Number of sides

b.     Number of faces

c.     Number of vertices

d.     Number of diagonals

e.     Sum of interior angles

B.      Perimeter, Surface Area, Area, and Volume

a.     Estimate area by measuring, partitioning, and using formulas

b.     Circumference and area of circles

c.     Volume and Surface area of:

                                                                           i.      Cylinders

                                                                         ii.      Triangular prisms

C.    Draw and Describe the results of:

a.     Translations

b.     Reflections

c.     Rotations

d.     Dilations

D.     Congruence and Similarity

 

II. Lines and Angles

A.    Determine angle measure using a protractor

a.     Estimate angle measures

B.      Identify and determine missing angles measures for:

a.     Adjacent angles

b.     Vertical angles

c.     Complementary angles

d.     Supplementary angles

C.    Identify and determine missing angle measures for:

a.     Corresponding angles

b.     Alternating interior angles

c.     Alternate exterior angles

 

III. Constructions

A.    Use a compass and straightedge to construct:

a.     Angles

b.     Rectangles

c.     Circles

Other geometric figures

 

(BLUE FONT Topics covered in long-range plan lesson plans.)

CHAPTER 8: GEOMETRY AND MEASUREMENT

8A: MEASUREMENT (MLO 3.0 KNOWLEDGE OF MEASUREMENT)

 

Section

Title

MLO

Vocabulary

Activities

1

Units of Measurement

3.8.2 (2.7) Select tools and units to measure accurately and determine the degree of precision.

US Customary Units, Metric System

(MFMT Skills – Metric)

2

Significant Digits and Precision

3.8.2 (2.7) Select tools and units to measure accurately and determine the degree of precision.

Precision, Significant Digits

Bridges Math Lab (Pg 59)

   Decimal Measurements

3

Position

(SOCIAL STUDIES OUTCOMES)

Absolute position, Relative Position

 

8B: ELEMENTS OF GEOMETRY (MLO 2.0 KNOWLEDGE OF GEOMETRY)

 

4

Lines and Angles

2.8.2

Determine missing angle measures.

(2.2) Determine angle measure using estimation, direct and indirect measurements.

Identify and determine the missing angle measures for adjacent, vertical, complementary and supplementary angles.

Angle, Vertex, Line, Line Segment, Ray;

Straight, Right, Acute, Obtuse;

Complementary

Supplementary;

Congruent;

Angle bisector

 

5

Parallel and Perpendicular Lines

2.8.1 Identify parallel, perpendicular, intersecting and skew lines and apply properties of parallelism and perpendicularity to problem situations.

2.8.2 Identify and determine the missing angle measures for corresponding, alternate interior and alternate exterior angles when parallel lines are cut by a transversal.

2.8.3 Construct or draw geometric figures using tools and technology (perpendicular bisector).

Parallel, Perpendicular, Transversal, Interior Angle, Exterior Angle, Alternate Angle, Corresponding Angle, Vertical Angle, Perpendicular Bisector

Bridges Math Lab (pg 515)

     Geometric Constructions

6

Polygons

2.8.1 Describe two- and three-dimensional geometric figures using number of sides, faces, vertices, diagonals and sums of angles.

2.8.2 Classify triangles by sides and by angles.

Polygon, Vertex, Equilateral, Isosceles, Scalene, Diagonal, Regular Polygon, Convex, Concave

Handout: NCTM book p. 10

Bridges Math Lab (pg 513)

     Triangle Inequalities: Is It or

     Isn’t It?

Geodee’s Sorting Scheme,

     NCTM book pg 86

Interior Angles of Polygons Lesson

7

3-D Views

2.8.1 Apply properties of two- and three-dimensional figures to problem situations.

 

Nets of polyhedrons

Isometric Explorations, NCTM Navigating Geometry p. 113

ALSO COVER CONSTRUCTIONS:

§          2.8.3 Construct and draw geometric figures using tools and technology (Use a compass and straightedge to construct angles, rectangles, circles, and other geometric figures.).


 

CHAPTER 9: AREA AND VOLUME

9A: PERIMETER, AREA, AND SURFACE AREA

 

Section

Title

MLO

Vocabulary

Activities

1

Perimeter and Area of Polygons

3.8.3b (2.9) Estimate and determine the area of figures by measuring, partitioning and using formulas.

Perimeter, Area

Require students to memorize formulas for area of triangles and parallelograms.

2

Scale and Area

3.8.4 (2.11) Use proportions, ratios and scale drawings to solve problems.

2.8.4 (2.5) Draw and describe the results of…dilations.

Dilation,

Scale Factor

 

3

Circles

3.8.3a (2.8) Estimate and determine the circumference and area of circles.

Circumference, Center, Radius, Diameter, Pi, Inscribed, Circumscribed

Require students to memorize formulas for area and circumference of circles.

Circumference Activity

4

Surface Area of Prisms and Cylinders

3.8.3c Estimate and determine the volume and surface area of cylinders, triangular prisms, and other solids.

Polyhedron, Face, Edge, Vertex, Surface Area, Prism, Base, Cylinder

 

5

Surface Area of Pyramids and Cones

3.8.3c Estimate and determine the volume and surface area of cylinders, triangular prisms, and other solids.

Pyramid,

Height,

Slant Height

Find area by partitioning!

9B: VOLUME

 

6

Volume of Rectangular Prisms

3.8.3c Estimate and determine the volume and surface area of cylinders, triangular prisms, and other solids.

Volume

Prism

 

7

Scale and Volume

3.8.4 (2.11) Use proportions, rates and scale drawings to solve problems.

 

 

8

Volume of Prisms and Cylinders

3.8.3c Estimate and determine the volume and surface area of cylinders, triangular prisms, and other solids.

Cylinder

 

Paper Volume Activity

9

Volume of Pyramids and Cones

3.8.3c Estimate and determine the volume and surface area of cylinders, triangular prisms, and other solids.

Pyramid

Cone

 

ALSO COVER:

§         3.8.3d Determine relationships between length, area, and volume and describe how a change in one measure affects the others.

§         3.8.3b Find areas of irregular shapes by partitioning.


 

CHAPTER 11: SIMILARITY, CONGRUENCE AND TRANSFORMATIONS

11A: SIMILARITY AND CONGRUENCE

 

Section

Title

MLO

Vocabulary

Activities

1

Similar Figures

2.8.5 (2.6) Apply properties of congruence and similarity to solve problems.

Similar, Corresponding Angles, Corresponding Sides,

Similarity Ratio

Extend Your Thinking 11-1

2

Congruent Figures

2.8.5 (2.6) Apply properties of congruence and similarity to solve problems.

Congruent Polygons

Extend Your Thinking 11-6

3

Triangle Congruence

2.8.5 (2.6) Apply properties of congruence and similarity to solve problems.

Side-Side-Side

Side-Angle-Side

Angle-Side-Angle

Side-Angle-Angle

 

4

Trigonometry

 

Adjacent Leg, Opposite Leg, Trigonometric Ratios, Sine, Cosine, Tangent

 

5

Indirect Measurement

 

 

 

11B: TRANSFORMATIONS

 

6

Transformations and Congruence

2.8.4 (2.5) Draw and describe the results of translations, reflections, rotations, dilations, and combinations of transformations.

Transformation

Reflections, Rotation, Center of Rotation, Angle of Rotation, Translation

Translations, Reflections and Rotations, NCTM book p 104

Transformations on Cartesian Plane

7

Transformations and Similarity

2.8.4 (2.5) Draw and describe the results of translations, reflections, rotations, dilations, and combinations of transformations.

Dilation

Bridges Math Lab (pg 630)

     Dilations with String

8

Symmetry

 

Symmetry,

Line Symmetry, Line of Symmetry, Rotational Symmetry, Point Symmetry

Escher Problems

Alphabet Symmetry

     NCTM book pg 109

Rotational Symmetry

     NCTM book pg 111

9

Covering the Plane

 

Tessellation

Bridges Math Lab (pg 518)

     Tessellations

 


Proposed Scope and Sequence for Pre-Algebra II

(Grade 8 Maryland Learning Outcomes)

Before Maryland School Assessment

Week

Date

Area of Math

Chapter

Sections Covered

1

Sep 8

Review

Pretest/MFMT Assessment

2

15

6.0: Number

Relationships and Computation

5A, 5-4

5-1 to 5-4 (Ratios, Proportions)

3

22

6A, 6B

6-1 to 6-3; Overview of Percent Change

4

29

7A

7-1 to 7-3 (Divisibility, GCF, LCM)

5

Oct 6

7B

7-4 to 7-6 (Operations with Rational Numbers)

6

13

5, 6, 7

Maryland Functional Math Test Review

7

20

7C

7-7 to 7-9 (Squares and Square Roots, Pythagorean Theorem)

8

27

1.0: Algebra,

Patterns &

Functions

2A

2-1 to 2-5 (Integers, Operations with Integers) – 2 weeks

9

Nov 3

2A

Operations with Integers (cont’d)

10

10

2B

2-7 to 2-8 (Powers, Exponents, Scientific Notation)

11

17

3A

3-1 to 3-3 (Formulas and Expressions)

12

24

3B

3-4 to 3-7 (Equations and Inequalities) – 2 weeks

13

Dec 1

3B

Equations and Inequalities (cont’d)

14

8

4A, 4-4

4-1 to 4-4 (Two-Variable Relationships, Slope)

15

15

10A

10-1 to 10-4 (Functions)

WINTER BREAK (DECEMBER 20 TO JANUARY 4)

16

Jan 5

4.0: Statistics

1A

1-1 to 1-3 (Central Tendency, Stem & Leaf Plots, Box and Whisker Plots)

17

12

1A

1-4 (Bar Graphs, Line Graphs), Circle Graphs

18

19

1B

1-6, 1-7 (Organizing Data, Scatterplots & Trends)

19

26

5.0: Probability

12A

12-1 to 12-3 (Counting Principle, Combinations, Permutation)

20

Feb 2

12B

12-4 to 12-5 (Probability, Experimental & Geometric Probability)

21

9

12B

12-6 to 12-7 (Conditional Probability, Independent and Dependent Events)

22

16

3.0: Measurement

And

2.0: Geometry

8A, 8-4

8-1, 8-2, 8-4 (Units, Precision, Lines and Angles) and Constructions

23

23

8B

8-5, 8-6 (Parallel and Perpendicular Lines, Polygons)

24

Mar 1

9A

9-1 to 9-3 (Perimeter and Area, Circles, Area by Partitioning)

25

8

11A

11-1, 11-2 (Similarity and Congruence)

26

15

11B

11-6, 11-7 (Transformations)

After MSA, prepare students for Algebra I